Quiz: so you think you know biology?

Do you know how dogs like to poop? From the molecular to the extra-terrestrial, you may be surprised by some of the research that is happening in the diverse fields involved in biological research. Test your knowledge on the latest (and often bizarre) biological research.

Quiz: Biology Week 2018 quiz

  1. Question 1 of 20

    1.


    In what direction do dogs prefer to face when they poop?

    • That is correct. Dogs do indeed align themselves with the N-S axis. Here is the science behind it

    • Alas no. Dogs align themselves with the N-S axis when they poop. Here is the science behind it

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  2. Question 2 of 20

    2.


    Which of the follow poses the most risk for coming in contact with pathogenic respiratory viruses at the airport?

    • That is correct, security trays pose the highest potential risk for picking up germs.

    • Alas no. Believe it or not, security trays pose the highest potential risk for picking up germs.

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  3. Question 3 of 20

    3.


    What is the first choice of treatment for a cow that has accidentally swallowed a metallic foreign body?

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  4. Question 4 of 20

    4.


    How many genes do humans have?

    • Correct! Whilst estimates of human gene number have ranged from 30,000 to 100,000, ultimately we still don’t know – despite the initial sequence of the human genome being published in 2001. This is partially due to the difficulty in defining what exactly is a gene. Learn more here

    • Incorrect. Whilst estimates of human gene number have ranged from 30,000 to 100,000, ultimately we still don’t know – despite the initial sequence of the human genome being published in 2001. This is partially due to the difficulty in defining what exactly is a gene. Learn more here

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  5. Question 5 of 20

    5.


    What do non-coding RNAs do?

    • Correct. Non-coding RNA was originally called non-coding because scientists couldn’t map the protein it produced. We learned much later that they serve a variety of other roles in the cell. Learn more here.

    • Alas no. Non-coding RNA was originally called non-coding because scientists couldn’t map the protein it produced. We learned much later that they serve a variety of other roles in the cell. Learn more here.

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  6. Question 6 of 20

    6.


    Graphene is…

    • That is correct. Graphene’s physical, chemical and electrical properties make it a promising platform for biosensors.

    • Incorrect. Graphene is the hardest measured material and is also a semiconductor with varied technology applications, including use as a scaffold for nano-scale biosensors.

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  7. Question 7 of 20

    7.


    Recent work by researchers has shown that the reversal of _____ and _____ may be possible by restoring DNA levels in mitochondria.

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  8. Question 8 of 20

    8.


    Variations in merle coat patterns in dogs are caused by the lengths of retrotransposons in the DNA. But who discovered transposons?

    • That is correct. Barbara McClintock discovered transposons, and 16th June has been designated Transposon Day in commemoration of her birthday.

      In terms of merle coat patterns in dogs, researchers found that the lengths of the different retrotranposons found on the PMEL gene were indicative of the type of merle coat pattern displayed by the dog.

    • Incorrect. It was Barbara McClintock who discovered transposons, and 16th June has been designated Transposon Day in commemoration of her birthday.

      In terms of merle coat patterns in dogs, researchers found that the lengths of the different retrotranposons found on the PMEL gene were indicative of the type of merle coat pattern displayed by the dog.

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  9. Question 9 of 20

    9.


    Researchers tested the effects of radiation on the human gut and the efficacy of radio-protective treatments without using a living human or animal model. What did they use to conduct these tests?

    • That is correct. The researchers developed a Gut-on-a-Chip which used actual human cells and simulated the conditions in the human gut.

    • No. The correct answer is Gut-on-a-Chip. This technology used actual human cells and simulated the conditions of the human gut to test the effects of radition and radio-protective therapies.

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  10. Question 10 of 20

    10.


    What differences are seen in the way males and females recover from respiratory flu symptoms?

    • That is correct. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University found that males produce more of a chemical called amphiregulin, which in combination with testosterone and independently, led to better recovery from the respiratory symptoms of flu infection. Read more here.

    • Incorrect. The correct answer is that males recovered faster due to the fact that they produce more of a chemical called amphiregulin than females. In combination with testosterone, or independently, the increased amphiregulin was associated with a better outcome in terms of recovery from respiratory flu symptoms. Read more here.

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  11. Question 11 of 20

    11.


    What kind of bedding reduces the risk of hock lesions (similar to pressure ulcers in bedridden human patients) in cows?

    • That is correct. A reduced risk for mild hock lesions was seen in cows housed on mattresses compared to rubber mats. Mattresses are usually thicker and softer than rubber mats which leads to less pressure on the hock when the cow is lying down, and thus, less risk of impaired circulation and subsequent tissue damage.

    • Incorrect, a reduced risk for mild hock lesions was seen in cows housed on mattresses compared to rubber mats. Mattresses are usually thicker and softer than rubber mats which leads to less pressure on the hock when the cow is lying down, and thus, less risk of impaired circulation and subsequent tissue damage.

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  12. Question 12 of 20

    12.


    From what biological source is the majority of industrial citric acid produced?

    • That is correct. A. niger mold produces high volumes of concentrated citric acid when grown in sugar medium, as discovered by the food scientist James Currie in 1917.

    • Incorrect. Although lemons (C. limon) and artichokes (C. cardunculus) do naturally contain citric acid, the majority of industrial production now uses A. niger mold grown in sugar solution.

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  13. Question 13 of 20

    13.


    Which of the following heavy metals was NOT recently found in roadside plants in Malaysia?

    • Correct! The uptake mechanisms of Cadmium, Copper, Iron and Lead into roadside plants in Malaysia was recently reported in Ecological Processes.

    • Incorrect! The uptake mechanisms of Cadmium, Copper, Iron and Lead into roadside plants in Malaysia was recently reported in Ecological Processes.

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  14. Question 14 of 20

    14.


    Pesticides used on land can affect invertebrates in aquatic environments.

    • Correct! A recent study in Environmental Sciences Europe found that herbicides and insecticides can affect the growth, physiological condition and behavior of aquatic invertebrates, both directly and indirectly.

    • Incorrect. A recent study in Environmental Sciences Europe found that herbicides and insecticides can affect the growth, physiological condition and behavior of aquatic invertebrates, both directly and indirectly.

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  15. Question 15 of 20

    15.


    Nomadic pastoralists have been known to modify the appearance of which animal as a form of art?

    • Correct! Cattle modification has been observed in nomadic pastoralists in Kenya as a means of expressing personal identity. See some examples of this ‘cattle art’ in the original article.

    • Incorrect! Cattle modification has been observed in nomadic pastoralists in Kenya as a means of expressing personal identity. See some examples of this ‘cattle art’ in the original article.

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  16. Question 16 of 20

    16.


    What are chromosome territories?

    • Correct- Chromosome territories are regions of the nucleus preferentially occupied by particular chromosomes. They have biologically significant properties, and understanding how these properties change with time during lifetime of the cell is important. Read more here.

    • Incorrect- Chromosome territories are regions of the nucleus preferentially occupied by particular chromosomes. They have biologically significant properties, and understanding how these properties change with time during lifetime of the cell is important. Read more here.

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  17. Question 17 of 20

    17.


    Which of the following scientists have NOT been awarded a Nobel Prize for research in the field of malaria?

    • That is correct. Rita Levi-Montalcini was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work in neurobiology. Ronald Ross was awarded his Nobel Prize for his work on the transmission of malaria, and Tu Youyou for her discovery and work on artemisinin (an anti-malarial compound). If you are interested in learning more about malarial research, please visit Malaria Journal.

    • That is incorrect. Ronald Ross was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work on the transmission of malaria, and Tu Youyou for her discovery of and work on artemisinin (an anti-malarial compound). Rita Levi-Montalcini was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work in neurobiology. If you are interested in learning more about malarial research, please visit Malaria Journal.

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  18. Question 18 of 20

    18.


    Microbes have been found on the International Space Station, forming its microbiome. But where did they come from?

    • That is correct, astronauts and cosmonauts visiting and working on the space station contribute to the ‘microbiome’ of the space station. Find out more in this article by NASA scientists.

    • Alas no. It is humans visiting and working on the space station that contribute to the ‘microbiome’ of the space station. Find out more in this article by NASA scientists.

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  19. Question 19 of 20

    19.

    This cute animal is often infected with ectoparasites such as ticks, lice and mites. But what is it?

    • That is correct. Golden-brown mouse lemurs are endangered species, so infection with lice, mites and ticks is of concern. Annette Klein and Christina Strube discuss their research on BugBitten blog.

    • Nice try, but no, this is a golden-brown mouse lemur. They are endangered species, so infection with lice, mites and ticks is of concern. Annette Klein and Christina Strube discuss their research on BugBitten blog.

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  20. Question 20 of 20

    20.


    Which of these lifestyle factors has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s Disease?

    • That is correct. A recent article in Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy demonstrated a correlation between a higher cardiorespiratory fitness level and a reduction in the adverse effects of aging on the brain.

    • Incorrect. A recent article in Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy demonstrated a correlation between a higher cardiorespiratory fitness level and a reduction in the adverse effects of aging on the brain.

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Thank you for taking our Biology Week 2018 quiz. Whether you are an expert or not, you can learn more about what is happening in the biological world by visiting the BMC Blog Network.

Credit: the questions in this quiz were compiled by editorial staff at BMC who work on journals covering various aspects of biological research.

Srimathy Sriskantharajah

Srimathy Sriskantharajah completed a BSc in Microbiology (UCL) and a PhD in environmental microbiology/ atmospheric chemistry (Royal Holloway University of London) before joining BioMed Central. Srimathy blogs about microbiology, infectious diseases and the environment amongst other things.

Srimathy is the Executive Publisher for Parasites & Vectors, Malaria Journal and other microbiology/ infectious diseases journals at BioMed Central.

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